Charge-forming device



June 1 1926.

B. J. RYBN CHARGE FORMING DEVICE ATTORNEYS Patented June l, 1925.

UNITED STATFS PTE BLAHOSLAV JOI-IN R'YBIN, OF BRIDGER, MONTANA. ASSIGNGRVOF ONE-FOURTH TO CLEMENT J'. BALDWIN, 0F BRIDGER, MONTANA. i

GHARGE-FORMNG DEVICE- Application filed May 12, 1925. Serial No. 29,817.

This invention relates to a charge forming device for use on internal combustion engines and aims particularly to provide a device of this character especially designed and adapted to make it practicable to use crude oil or the heavier fractions of petroleum as a fuel for the engines of conventional types of tractors. The device constituting the present invention separates, preheats, conditions and vaporizes thel usable content of the oil employed and preserves for other purposes the portion not susceptible of use as a fuel.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a charge forming device having these advantages and capacities and which is of simple and durable construction, reliable. and effective in opera` tion and adapted for convenient installation tional tractor engines.

A still further object resides in the provision Vof a device of the character specified which makes the engine on which it is employed susceptible of being run with little or no'fuel cost, the oil preserved `after the fuel content has been extracted having a sale value as a lubricant practically equal to the original cost of the crude oil or other oil employed. y

Other objects and advantages reside in certain novel features of the construction7 arrangement' and combinationv of parts which will be hereinafter more fully' d er scribed and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofl this specification, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section showing the invention applied to the engine of a conventional tractor:

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the water control valve and atomizer: i f

` Figure 3 is a view in section on line 3 3 of Figure 1, j

Figure Il is a fragmentary detail sectional view of a portion ofthe retort employed, and Y Figure `5 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a variation in the manner of connecting theV residue collecting reservoir to the retort. v

Referring to the drawing the numeral 1 designates generally la tractor which is shown asbeing of the type of the Fordat a comparatively slight cost on convenf son tractor and which has an engine 2 pro-` videdv with the usual exhaust manifold 3 from which an exhaust pipe Il leads. The engine 2 is equipped with the usual water cooling system, a part of which is the usual radiator 5. The usual intake manifold 6 is provided. A main air supply pipe Z leads to the intake manifold 6. At the inlet end of the supply pipe 7 the usual air washer 8 is provided. .A carburetor 9 is provided and may be supplied with crude oil from the main tank 10 or with gasoline for-starting purposes from a tank '11, a single fuel line 12 connecting the fuel tanks 10 and 11 to Vthe carburetor' and the supply of one or the other fuel being regulated by means of a two-way valve 13. If desired the gasoline tank 11 maybe omitted and a blow torch used to heat up the parts when starting.

An air tube 15 leads from the pipe 7 to a combined air and 'water supply pipe16. A water or vapor supply tube 1'? communicates at one end with theradiator 5 and at its other end with an atolnizer 18 the latter being connected with pipe 16. Between the tube 17 and the atomizer 18 a two Way valve 19 is interposed and may be adjusted to supply water to the atomizer 18, to shut off the water7 or to drain the same. As shown in Fig. 2 the atomizer 18 has a transverse passage 2() with which the valve 19 communicates and a tapering longitudinal passage 21 communicating with the transverse passage 20 and 'terminating in a i et 22, the latter being located opposite the tube 15.` A needle valve 23 is'threaded into the atomizer andV regulates the amount. of flow of water through the yjet 22. The pipe 16 is connected to a terminal 24a of a coil 24 located within the exhaust` manifold 3 and having a terminal 24h leading to the contact space of the carburetor 9. The outlet 25 of the carburetor leads to a retort 26 comprising an annular casing 27 having its inner wall encircling'and snugly tting the exhaust pipe and having` its ends abutting flanges of the exhaustpipes.` A; partition 28 is provided in the Acasing 27 and defines a sinuous passage. for the coinmingled air steam and entrained crude oil. A pipe 30 carries the yaporized and preheated mixture of oil, steam and water to the intake manifold. The lower end wall of the casing 27 is of trough like formation to icollect the liquid er nuvaporiaed oil precipitated bythe partioil. As shown inEigure the reservoir-32.

tion,o11baiiie `28/01" theft retort. From' the loWer end of the-casing 27 a--pipe V31 leads to a reservoir 32. A valve 33 is incorporated ...incthepipe .31 and retards.. the .iioiv of. the

is shaped to extend at least partially around the exhaust pipe 4; and has a-drain--plug .34.

In operation the air and Water supplied through pipe 16 areco'nvertedsintoimixed steam and highly heated air in the coil 24 1 and as such passtothefcontact space lof thecarburetorWhere` the'crude oil-is partly vaf porized-andr'entrained andcarried into the 4retort 26 wherein fall iot the volatile content 15 of the oil isrcom'pletely vaporiz'ed and'thoroughlycommi'ngled with the hot air and' steam f to vform the combustible'charge which is fdelivered through 'f the pipe* 30 -to the? intake "manifold -The oily lwhich does' not vaporipasses downwinto the reservoir'r32 wherein it is subjected' to'. a" prolonged. 'heat treatment "whereby any volatile'productsremaining'are vaporizedandlfpassfback up the -pipe 31into v@completer the formation oi' the Vcombustible mixture, and means for conveving the combustible mixture to the engine.

.2. .In a charge forming device for use With yinternal combustion engines having a carburetor, means for mixing a supply of air and Water,r means for heating said mixture to highly heat the air thereof and convert the water thereoffinto steam, means for conveying the heated air and steam to the Contact space of the carburetor to partially vaporize and Ventrainlthe fuel, a retort connected with the carburetor and designed' to vaporizethe ="volatilecontent ofthe oil and complete the forma-*tion 'of Vthe combustible mixture, and `finca-ns tor Vconveyii'ig the combustibleV mix- *ture tothe engine,- said retort Vhaving means t,o1precipitatel the non-volatile content ot the 'oil,and a reservoir"connected tofvthe retort i f ize collectsfim the bottom of theretort and for receiving the oil from'theiretort.

3: 'ln a charge toriningderice ioruse With internal combustionE engines having a carburetor, means for mixing a` supply of airand Water, meansl for heatingfsaid mixture to 25, the yetortland Subsequentlyijnto the enginewhighlyfheatthe'air; thereof-and convertxthe The oil-Whiclr'remains-'in the vtank 32 is drained 'otf'through theV plugged outlet? 34 1 Iand usedor'so'ld 'as a lubricant. An lauxiliary aircontrol valve is12providecl-i1rthe 30 vpipe 7 and'isl'opened fup after the engine has been'thoroughly heated iup.

f In 'order to facilitateg starting, the portion 1 of the pipe 30 disposed between the outer wall 'ot ther annular casing?? i andz the 'parti- `tion^28 has a small fopening'BOa' rprovided ltherein `as shownin 'Figure l so that a small amount 'of' fuel may passi directlyv through water thereof-,into steam,.means torf conveyringl the lieatecl aiiva1icl1steam tothe Contact 'l space 4oitthe carburetor to partially vaporize v 'and' entrainthe fuel, a lretort Vconnectedvvith thevcarburetor v'and designed itowaporizefthe volatile content ofxtheioil and completethe formation `otfithe combustible mixture, and ffmeans` forconveying the" combustible mixture 'tof itheengineg'said retort having fmeans `t0 precipitate thenon-volatile' eontentottheL :oil, and ayreservoir connectedltothe retort Aior 'receiving'the oilfrom ithe'cretort 4and the casing 27 from .thercarburetor to the? means forheatingrsaidreservoir.

pipe'SO. Y

. Asshown in Figure 51the` valve"35 may be 'omittedandin lieu thereof, abend 40may f befprovided in'the pipmfthe:bendi constituting 'a trap. Also' the pipe/31 may have a coil lf'formed therein; the coil encircl ing the' exturns. f It 'instead Vot afcoil" the'. pipe 3l #simply has a portion placedfcloseup:to'and' L l" l A. 1 hause pme andibemg made'up 0f one 'or moreV Water `thereotnnto f steamyimeans ofor'f con- K- iveying the heated. air and st'eanitor the contact` space rot thef-carburetorftopartiallyvaporize and entrainthe fuel, aeretortconr ifsdug -Wilrll'be yvaporized,Whereasf'if avcoil'` nect'ed with therfcarburetor and'designed to 0 YY1Dit one tum'is usted, a' mp-orizationr'0fv70% vapor-ize thevolatile contentioffthe'oiliand Y complete :the formation: 'of i the 'combustible @results inl'the vaporiZatio-nof-85%#l of' the,A mixture, andmeans for: conveyingwthe com residue.

f' I1 claim: Y l. :In a charge' forming'deviceforfuse with finternal^combustion 'engines 'having a icar-y bustible mixture to the engine. 5; In a charge-1 forming:` f device for use with internal combustion engineswh'aving a .,ca'rlouretor,` airfintaleomanifold, an .exhaust buretor, means for-.mixing a" supplyof air 4`manitoldran exhaust 4pipe-.and af main air wandfwater,l means' for heatingsaidii'iixture supply pipe, a combined air and Waterpipe,

' toohighly fheatthe-air'thereof and convert' aiconnectionibetween saidfpipe'and? the air tithe-water thereof into steam, means forconsupply plpeyanatomizer connected-to rsaid `-veyingr'the heated air and steam-"toitlie'con- "tactf space 'of 'the carburetor to partially vaporizef aiidientrain athe'fuel, a'retort lconnected Withfthe-carburetorfand:design-ed to waporize the' volatile 'content of Vthe oil and pipe, atwo `Way valve control water supply pipe leading to the atomizer, a coil located i Within the exhaust manifold-aud connected to the combined air and Water -supplywpipe and to the carburetor, a--retort mounted on the exhaust pipe and connected to the carburetor, and a connection between the retort and the intake manifold.

6. In a charge forming device for use with internal combustion engines having a Carburetor, an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, an exhaust pipe and a main air supply pipe, a combined air and water pipe, a connection between said pipe and the air supply pipe, an atomizer connected to said pipe, a two way valve control water supply pipe leading to the atomizer, a coil located within the exhaust manifold and connected to the combined air and water supply pipe and to the carburetor, a retort mounted on the exhaust pipe and connected to the oarburetor, a connection between the retort and the intake manifold, a reservoir mounted on the exhaust pipe and a pipe between the retort and the reservoir.

7. In a charge forming device for use with internal combustion engines having a carburetor and an exhaust pipe, means for supplying a preheated gas to the carburetor to partially vaporize and entrain the fuel,

a retort connected to the carburetor and designed to complete-ly vaporize the fuel and complete the formation of the mixture, said retort having means to precipitate the portion of the fuel not volatilized by the retort, a reservoir below the retort, and a trapped pipe between the reservoir and the retort, said pipe having a portion extended along the exhaust pipe.

8. In a charge forming device for use with internal combustion engines having a carburetor and an exhaust pipe, means for supplying a preheated gas to the carburetor to partiall)7 vaporize and entrain the fuel, a retort connected to the carburetor and designed to completely vaporize the fuel and complete the formation of the mixture, said retort having means to precipitate the portion of the fuel not volatilized by the retort, a reservoir below the retort, and a trapped pipe between the reservoir and the retort, said pipe having,` a coil extending around the exhaust pipe.

BLAHOSLAV J OHN RYBIN 

